Heart Disease Prevention

Smoking - A smoker has more than twice the risk of a heart attack than a nonsmoker. Smokers who have a heart attack are also more likely to die suddenly. Quitting smoking is one of the most effective ways to prevent heart disease. In fact, those who quit will benefit from an almost immediate reduction in the risk of developing heart disease.

Cholesterol - The higher a person’s cholesterol levels are, the greater their risk for developing heart disease. Too much cholesterol in the blood causes it to build up in the walls of the arteries. Over time, this build-up leads to narrowed arteries, slowing or blocking blood flow to the heart. Total cholesterol levels should be below 200 mg/dL. The optimal level for LDL (bad) cholesterol is below 130 mg/dL and HDL (good) cholesterol levels should be 60 mg/dL or greater. A diet low in fat, regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce cholesterol levels. Cholesterol lowering drugs can also be used. Cholesterol levels should be measured at least once every five years, beginning at age 20.

Blood Pressure - High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the most common risk factors for heart disease, affecting around 50 million Americans. Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries, Blood pressure is considered high when it is 140/90 or higher. It causes the heart to work harder and contributes to atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and a healthy diet, including reduced salt intake are successful ways to reduce blood pressure. When lifestyle changes aren’t enough, cholesterol-lowering drugs can be utilized. Blood pressure levels should checked every two years starting at age 18.

Diabetes - Diabetes carries an increased risk of heart disease and stroke. Two-out-of-three people with diabetes die from heart disease and stroke. Vigilant monitoring and controlling of blood glucose levels is essential to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in persons with diabetes.

Obesity/Overweight - People with excess body fat, especially around the waist, have a higher risk for heart disease and stroke. Excess weight causes greater exertion on the heart and is a factor in high blood pressure and high cholesterol, as well increases the risk for developing diabetes. Losing even a small amount of weight can lower the risk of heart disease. A healthy diet and regular exercise is key to losing weight.

Sedentary Lifestyle - Heart disease is twice as likely to develop in people who are inactive. Even moderate amounts of exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease. Exercise helps to lower cholesterol and improves blood cholesterol levels. At least 30 minutes of physical activity is recommended daily.

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