A herniated disc, also known as ruptured or “slipped“ disc, occurs when the jelly-like center of the disc (nucleus pulposus) squeezes, or ruptures, out through the outer ring (annulus fibrosis) of the disc. A disc that bulges out due to a weakened annulus, but does not break through the annulus, is a disc bulge. When the ruptured disc material breaks into fragments, it is called a sequestered disc. Most disc herniations occur in the low lumbar spine.

Herniated discs are the result of aging and degeneration of the disc (see degenerative disc disease), or by trauma to the spine. Trauma can occur from a sudden, severe strain to the spine, such as sneezing, coughing, bending the wrong way, or improper lifting of heavy objects. Repetitive activities that place stress on the spine can also cause injury.

 
Because a disc can herniate in any direction, and because there are different degrees of herniation, the symptoms of a herniated disc vary. Tears in the annulus fibrosis can cause back pain in the area of the herniation. The herniated nucleus pulposus contains chemicals that can severely irritate the nerves, causing pain and inflammation. Herniated disc material can press on a nearby nerve root, causing pain, tingling, numbness or weakness in the part of the body that nerve supplies. In the case of a cervical herniation, pain may be referred to the arm. With a lumbar herniation, the pain may travel to the leg. Muscles spasms and severe deep muscle pain are other common symptoms of a herniated disc. In some instances, a person with a herniated disc will not experience any symptoms, because the herniation is not compromising any nearby structures.

Most herniated discs respond to conservative treatment, including medications for pain, inflammation and muscle spasms. A physical therapy program and moderate exercise are also part of the treatment. Some herniated discs heal on their own over time, a process called re-absorption. Surgery is only necessary in a small percentage of herniated discs.

Page 1 | Page 2 | Page 3 | Page 4 | Page 5 | Page 6 | Page 7

Please read our Disclaimer | About your Privacy | Copyright © Little Company of Mary
Joint Notice of Privacy Practices | Esta Notificación de Prácticas sobre Confidencialidad