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Glossary
 

E

electromyograph (EMG) - an examination of the nervous system which determines to what extent nerves and muscles have been irritated or damaged

epidural block - an injection which can be used as a treatment as well as a diagnostic tool to help locate the source of pain

epidural hematoma - bleeding in the epidural space in the spine

 
F

facet joints - the overlapping of bony projections occurring when two vertebrae are placed on top of one another, guiding and restrict movement of the spine

 
H

herniated disc - a condition in which the nucleus pulposus escapes from the annular tears and enters the intervertebral foramina

hip - the region on each side of the pelvis; made up of three sections: ilium, ischium, and pubis; the upper part of the femur (upper leg bone) fits into the hip via a ball-and-socket joint; the socket is a cup-shaped bone of the pelvis called the acetabulum and the ball is the head of the femur

 
I

ileus - obstruction of the bowel; specifically : a condition that is commonly marked by a painful distended abdomen, vomiting of dark or fecal matter, toxemia, and dehydration

immune system - complex network of specialized cells and organs that work together to defend the body against attacks by “foreign” invaders such as bacteria and viruses; in some rheumatic conditions, it appears that the immune system does not function properly and may even work against the body

inflammation - characteristic reaction of tissues to injury or disease; marked by four signs: swelling, redness, heat, and pain

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