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One of the most common spinal procedures, a discectomy, involves removing the portion of herniated disc that is pressing on the nerve root, or removing loose disc fragments. The remaining portion of the disc is usually left in place. Prior to the removal of the disc, a portion of the lamina, a part of the vertebra, may be removed to allow the surgeon better access to the area (laminectomy).  |
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A laminectomy is performed when the spinal canal needs to be enlarged. It is often used in the surgical treatment of spinal stenosis. The lamina, which is a portion of the vertebrae, is removed to make more room for the nerves. This relieves pressure on the nerves, reducing the irritation and inflammation on the spinal nerves. A laminectomy can also be performed in conjunction with a discectomy.  |
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Spinal fusion may be indicated to correct instability or motion of the spine. A fusion may also be performed to treat herniated discs, correct deformities, or treat fractured vertebrae. This complex surgery unites adjacent vertebrae with bone grafts, causing the vertebrae to grow together, or fuse, into a single solid bone. There are two general types of spinal fusions: posterior and interbody. The posterior fusion is performed on the back of the spine and uses a bone graft placed on the sides of the vertebrae. The bone graft will grow together, forming a solid block of bone between the vertebrae. An interbody fusion involves removing the disc and placing the bone graft between the vertebrae, where it will fuse to the vertebrae. The bone can be harvested from the patient’s own pelvis, or obtained from a bone bank. Instrumentation, such as metal rods, plates and pedicle screws, can be utilized to stabilize vertebrae as the fusion takes place. |
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